Leaves are going to draw on our faces!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Hello today I am going to tell you about leaves and why they change colors. First I am going to tell you about  chlorophyll. Chlorophyll is  green color that is on leaves. When the chlorophyll is gone the  leaves change different colors like orange, red, and sometimes blue.

   

Now I am going to tell you more about chlorophyll. If you play sports like football, soccer, or if you just play in the grass you would get something green on your clothes that is called chlorophyll. The chlorophyll usually starts fading away on the leaves in the fall.  The reason why leaves fall is because of the strong wind and rain falling on the trees. Now I am going to tell you why leaves change colors.  The leaves change colors because the days get shorter and there is less sunlight.  Leaves need sunlight to survive. If they don't get enough sunlight they will lose there chlorophyll, change colors, and die.
This is a picture of chlorophyll.

In the picture with the trees all the green is chlorophyll.  Now I am going to tell you about photosynthesis.  Photosynthesis is the process in how plants get their food.  Photosynthesis is when the sun hits the plants and the sun gives the plant energy.

Here is a picture that I meant to put in my blog earlier.

Sorry that picture was so funny!


http://dnr.wi.gov/org/caer/ce/eek/veg/trees/treestruecolor.htm

http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/biobookps.html


http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/motm/chlorophyll/chlorophyll_h.htm

Volcanoes!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Today I am going to tell you about volcanoes. A volcano is a vent in earths crust through which melted or molten rock flows. Volcanoes are formed when two tectonic plates push together and the magma from the mantle reaches the surface then it makes a volcano.

There is not just one kind of volcano there are more. One type of volcano is the shield volcano. A shield volcano is a type of volcano that has been formed by lava flow. Shield volcanoes are large and wide with a low profile. The crater at the volcano is not far above sea level in comparison to a composite volcano. Most shield volcanoes are super volcanoes.

There is another type of volcano and that is a composite volcano. Composite volcanoes are large, steep -sided volcanoes that result from explosive eruptions of andesitic lava and ash along convergent plate boundaries.

There is one more type of volcano and that is the cinder cone volcano. Cinder cone volcanoes are small, steep-sided volcanoes that erupt gas-rich, basaltic lavas.

When a volcano explodes it has to let go of all the magma it can hold. When the magma from the mantle pushes up the volcano and lava spreads everywhere. The difference between magma and lava is magma is what is in the mantle and in the volcano and lava is what comes out the volcano.

When a volcano erupts volcanic ash comes out of the volcano. Volcanic ash is a big cloud of ash coming out of the volcano. It can effect the climate by the ash spreading everywhere.

Volcanoes that are not associated with plate boundaries are called hot spots. Geologists hypothesize that hot spots originate above a rising convection current from deep within earths mantle.

High viscosity lavas flow slowly and typically cover small areas causing stratovolcanoes that explode violently due to trapped gas.

http://www.weatherwizkids.com/weather-volcano.htm
http://www.k12.hi.us/~kapunaha/student_projects/volc_blowout/shield_volcano.htm
http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/volc/types.html

Tsunami

Today I am going to tell you about tsunami's and how they happen. A tsunami is a harbor wave. Tsu is harbor and nami is wave. Tsunami's are caused by plate tectonics. Plate tectonics are plates in the earths crust. When a continental plate crashes into a oceanic plate   the oceanic plate goes under the continental plate and thats what causes a tsunami. 

Tsunami's are also caused by underwater volcanoes and landslides. Landslides are movements of rock, debris, and soil down a slope of land. When the rock and debris in the ocean falls down on the ocean floor it sends the water going up higher. As it gets closer to the shore the water gets higher and makes a tsunami. 

There is one more way a tsunami can be caused. A underwater volcano can cause a tsunami. A underwater volcano is a volcano that is formed underwater. When two pieces of oceanic crust come together the magma is pushing them up making an underwater volcano. When the volcano erupts it creates movement on the ocean floor moving the tectonic plates creating a tsunami.

A tsunami travels in every direction. A tsunami can travel up to 500 miles per hour. When the tsunami gets closer to shore it slows down and the waves get higher. When you are all the way out in the ocean you would never fell the tsunami. When you are at the beach you will never when it is coming. Some tsunami's can get 100 to 300 ft tall.

http://www.brainpop.com/science/theearthsystem/tsunami/preview.weml


http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/tsunami2.html


http://www.nws.noaa.gov/om/brochures/tsunami2.htm

Earthquakes

Today I am going to tell you about earthquakes. Earthquakes are vibrations in the ground that result from movement along breaks in earths lithosphere. These breaks are called faults. Earthquakes began at faults.Faults are breaks in earths lithosphere. Earthquakes are measured by a richter scale. Seismologists use richter scales. Richter scales go's up to 10. 

 P-waves are the fastest waves out of all the waves. P-waves are the first waves you feel. S-waves are slower than p-waves. They cause particles in the ground to move up and down at right angles relative to the direction the wave travels. There is one more wave and that wave is the seismic wave. These waves originate where rocks first move along the fault at a location inside earth called the focus. 

 http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/kids/
http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/facts.php

http://www.weatherwizkids.com/weather-earthquake.htm

9/11

Today I am going to tell you about the tragedy on 9/11 2001. On  9/11  there were 19 highjackers that were sent by Osama Bin Laden to take over 4 airplanes. Five highjackers were in the plane in first class. When the seatbelt sign went off those five people went up in the cockpit and killed the pilots and took over the plane. They were heading to the twin towers. The first plane crashed in the north tower at 8:46 am. At 9:03 am the second plane crashed in the south tower.  The police and firefighters responded very quickly.  

There were five other highjackers that killed the flight attendants and the pilots. They were also headed to the twin towers in New York. But five others highjacked another plane and they were headed to the Pentagon in Washington D.C. At  9:37 am the plane crashed into the Pentagon.

I think the best way to remember 9/11 is to think about the fire fighters and policeman that helped some of those people getting out of the twin towers. Another way to remember 9/11 is to remember the man that planned the terror attack Osama Bin Laden.

The worst things about 9/11 are the three  passenger planes that crashed in The Twin Towers and The Pentagon. Another bad thing that happened was when the Twin Towers collapsed. Some of the best things about is that the firefighters helped people get out of the Twin Towers. Another good thing about 9/11 is on September 12th 2001 firefighters saw that there was a american flag that had holes in it from the debris from the Twin Towers. It was still on its pole at ground zero.

I think 9/11 changed america by people caring more about each other firefighters and policemen. I think people will never forget 9/11. 

Today I am going to tell you about continental drift. Continental drift is when the earths plates shift. The plates are not dinner plates they are continental plates. The continental plates are made of the earths crust. A man called Alfred Wagner discovered the continental drift theory. Wagner discovered pangea and how earth looked different years ago.

The earth looked very different millions of years ago. Some people think that could never happen. Some evidence are foissls that are soposed to be in North America but are in antarticia. Alfred Wagner stated continental drift theory. Sciencetist have been studying and they found out that the continents have been moving.

Some evidence for continental drift is fossil evidence. Sciencetist have found fossils that are in antartica that are soposed to be in north america. Sciencetist found out that continental drift was the secret that was moving the fossils. 




http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_drift

  There are 4 main layers of the earth. The crust, the mantle, the outer core and the inner core.  The crust is the thinest layer in the earth. It is made of thick rock and is 4-7 miles. The mantle is thickest layer. It is 1,800 miles deep. It is made of soft molten rock and lava. The outer core is 1,370 miles. It is made of liquid iron. The inner core is the size of mars. It is 780 miles deep. It is made of mostly iron.